Ferro titanium
An iron-titanium alloy, usually with about 40% or 70% titanium, used by steelmakers for deoxidation, grain-size control and to tie up carbon and nitrogen. Most of it is made by melting titanium scrap with iron or steel.
Supply risk
Reviewed 3 Oct 2026 · Methodology
Elevated
China controls most titanium ferroalloy supply; scrap-based output elsewhere
Supply concentration (high) decides the level: USGS puts Chinese control of titanium ferroalloy markets at 70–80%, and China also makes about 70% of titanium sponge. Ferrotitanium is mostly melted from titanium scrap in several countries and no export controls apply, so the level sits one step below concentration, in line with titanium.
Since 1 Jan 2023 · Sources: Federal Register (U.S. Geological Survey), U.S. Geological Survey
Get alerts for this materialRisk drivers
- Supply concentrationHigh
- No world production data are published. USGS's 2025 list notice names titanium ferroalloys among steel alloys with 70–80% Chinese market control. Most ferrotitanium is made by melting titanium scrap with iron; US imports in 2022 came mainly from the UK and Canada.Sources: Federal Register (U.S. Geological Survey), U.S. Geological Survey
- Export controlsLow
- No export licensing, quotas or bans on ferrotitanium (HS 7202.91), titanium scrap or sponge by producing countries were identified.
- Policy & tariffsModerate
- The US normal duty on ferrotitanium and ferrosilicon titanium (7202.91) is 3.7%. Proclamation 11001 (14 Jan 2026) set no Section 232 tariff on processed critical minerals but left further measures, including minimum import prices, open.Sources: Thompson Hine, U.S. Geological Survey
- Operational disruptionLow
- No significant ferrotitanium plant outage was identified in the last 12 months. US titanium scrap imports, the main feedstock, were about 32,000 t in 2025.
- Demand shockLow
- Ferrotitanium is used for deoxidation and to stabilise carbon and nitrogen in steel. No demand surge was identified.
A supply-availability rating, not a price forecast or investment view. Export-control information is factual and is not legal advice.
Trade flows
2025 · HS 720291
Ferro-titanium and ferro-silico-titanium
Recorded world imports: 56,237 t · $218M
Top exporters
- Russia20%11,160 t · $34.7M
- Estonia15%8,339 t · $32M
- United Kingdom12%6,691 t · $28.6M
- Latvia10%5,471 t · $20.2M
- Poland8%4,471 t · $16.8M
- India7%3,956 t · $14.6M
- Germany3%1,757 t · $7.25M
- Netherlands3%1,750 t · $7.17M
- Canada3%1,573 t · $10M
- China3%1,556 t · $7.7M
Top importers
- China12%6,636 t · $19.3M
- Germany12%6,600 t · $24M
- Japan8%4,436 t · $18.5M
- Türkiye6%3,414 t · $11.2M
- India6%3,346 t · $11.3M
- Brazil5%2,981 t · $13.1M
- France5%2,803 t · $17M
- Italy5%2,588 t · $11M
- Netherlands4%2,525 t · $9.69M
- United States4%2,516 t · $11.1M
Largest routes
- Russia→China6,381 t · $18.9M
- United Kingdom→Japan3,000 t · $13M
- Russia→India2,913 t · $9.62M
- Estonia→Netherlands1,622 t · $5.94M
- Ukraine→Poland1,260 t · $4.42M
Source: UN Comtrade, imports reported by 62 countries for 2025. Exporters are ranked by what importing countries recorded (mirror data), so countries that do not report their own exports are still counted. Values are in US dollars including freight and insurance. Weights are product weight. Recent years can be incomplete, and unrecorded trade is not included.
Overview
Ferrotitanium (FeTi) is an of iron and titanium that steelmakers use to add titanium. Steel and nonferrous alloy producers consume significant amounts of titanium in the form of ferrotitanium, and , mainly for deoxidation, grain-size control, and control and stabilization of carbon and nitrogen.1
Ferrotitanium is not itself on the US or EU critical lists. Titanium is on the US list, and titanium metal is on the EU list.23 In its 2025 list notice, the named titanium among three steel alloys, with silicon and chromium ferroalloys, over whose markets China had 70 to 80 percent control.2
How it is made
Ferrotitanium is usually produced by induction melting of titanium scrap with iron or steel. It can also be made by aluminothermic reduction of ilmenite, a titanium-iron mineral.1
In the United States, ferrotitanium was produced in Ohio and Michigan in 2022, but USGS did not publish production or capacity data.1 The country imported an estimated 32,000 t of titanium scrap in 2025, led by the United Kingdom, France and Japan.4
US imports of ferrotitanium came mostly from the United Kingdom and Canada in 2022.1
- United Kingdom1,480 t · 41%
- Canada1,180 t · 33%
- Estonia453 t · 12%
- Russia282 t · 8%
- Ukraine114 t · 3%
- Other countries118 t · 3%
Total as reported by USGS; rows are rounded and may not add to the total. Source: 2022 Minerals Yearbook: Titanium (advance release)
What it is used for
In the steel industry, titanium is used for deoxidation, for grain-size control, and to control and stabilize carbon and nitrogen content.1 Titanium-intensive steels include interstitial-free, stainless and high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels.1
Reported US consumption of titanium products in steel and other alloys, including ferrotitanium, scrap, sponge and other titanium additives, was 8,460 t in 2022, 5% less than in 2021.1
Grades and forms
Two grades are normally produced, with about 40% and about 70% titanium.1 US trade statistics report ferrotitanium together with ferrosilicon titanium under one line.5
Ferrotitanium 70 (FeTi70)
≈ 70% Ti
The higher-titanium of the two grades normally produced.
Ferrotitanium 40 (FeTi40)
≈ 40% Ti
The lower-titanium of the two grades normally produced.
Ferrosilicon titanium
A related titanium-bearing ferroalloy reported together with ferrotitanium in US trade statistics.
Trade and policy
US imports of ferrotitanium and ferrosilicon titanium were 3,630 t in 2022, 12% less than in 2021, while exports were 1,670 t.1 The United Kingdom and Canada were the largest suppliers that year.1 Both alloys fall under subheading 7202.91, with a US general duty rate of 3.7%.5
This section is factual background, not legal or trade-compliance advice.
Recycling and substitution
Ferrotitanium is itself largely a product, since its main is titanium scrap.1 USGS does not publish data on titanium scrap consumed by the steel and industries.4
In steel, titanium is to some degree interchangeable with vanadium as an alloying element, and it can partly replace niobium in stainless and high-strength steels.67
Sources
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2022 Minerals Yearbook: Titanium (advance release). U.S. Geological Survey, accessed 2026-10-03. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6 ↩7 ↩8 ↩9 ↩10 ↩11
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Final 2025 List of Critical Minerals (90 FR 50494). Federal Register (U.S. Geological Survey), accessed 2026-10-03. ↩ ↩2
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Critical raw materials. European Commission, accessed 2026-10-03. ↩
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Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Titanium and Titanium Dioxide. U.S. Geological Survey, accessed 2026-10-03. ↩ ↩2
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Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States: heading 7202 (ferroalloys). U.S. International Trade Commission, accessed 2026-10-03. ↩ ↩2
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Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Vanadium. U.S. Geological Survey, accessed 2026-10-03. ↩
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Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Niobium (Columbium). U.S. Geological Survey, accessed 2026-10-03. ↩
Sourcing ferro titanium?
ASZ Company FZCO, the operator of this site, supplies ferro titanium to industrial buyers worldwide.